The present research was aimed to develop a comprehensive selfreport scale that accounts for the cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts of smartphones in everyday lifethe smartphone impact scale sis. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in college students jungyeon mok,1 samwook choi,1,2 daijin kim,3 jungseok choi,4 jaewon lee,2 heejune ahn,5 eunjeung choi,6 wonyoung song7 1eulji addiction institute, eulji university, seoul, south korea. Caplan 20 developed the problematic facebook use scale, which was recently validated among italian adolescents and young adults. The smartphone addiction proneness scale saps was applied to 342 younger adolescents. Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated. If the score were 44 points or more, the participant was placed in the highrisk user group. Correlates of boredom proneness and its relevance for technological research and filled out the boredom proneness has been linked to a myriad of adverse behaviors including pathological gambling 11, drug 12. In this study, the relationships among smartphone addiction, age, gender, and chronotype of german adolescents were examined. This scale contains 15 questions, such as daily life disturbances, directivity to the.
We investigated the effects of ia and sa on depression and anxiety while adjusting for sociodemographic variables. The aim of this paper is to develop a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction proneness scale based on previous works e. Dec 31, 20 smartphone addiction proneness scale saps was added to verify the concurrent validity of sassv. Design, development and implementation of a smartphone. Two studies focused on two different measures of smartphone addiction. Influence of smartphone addiction proneness of young children. Smartphone addiction proneness to measure smartphone addiction proneness, saps developed by kim et al. The participants were classified into ia, sa, and normal use nu groups. It is also known as smartphone overuse, smartphone addiction, mobile phone overuse, or cell phone dependency. The saps consisted of 15 items scored with a fourpoint likert scale 1. Divya rani singh abstract mobile phone usage is so strongly integrated into young peoples behavior that symptoms of behavioral addiction, such as cell phone usage interrupting their day today activities. Proneness scale carried out by national information society. As a result, smart phone addiction and depression, anxiety, impulsiveness, and lack of control showed significant relationship. Smartphone use and smartphone addiction in middle school.
Lee said that the factor that affects smart phone addiction is habitual overuse due to smart phones convenience and playfulness, which leads to life problems 3. Problematic smartphone use is proposed by some researchers to be a form of psychological or behavioral dependence on cell phones, closely related to other forms of digital media overuse such as social media addiction or internet addiction disorder. Coping strategies in individuals at risk and not at risk of mobile phone addiction. Development of japanese version of smartphone dependence. The goal of the study was to validate the english version of the smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas. Thus, the scale may not accurately capture young childrens. The associations of internet addiction ia and smartphone addiction sa with mental health problems have been widely studied. Materials and methods participants for the study participants, a total of 214 adults were. Developing a shorter version of the estonian smartphone. First, the scale used to assess smartphone addiction proneness in preschoolers was originally developed as a diagnostic scale to screen adolescents aged 1017 and adults for risk of smartphone addiction shin et al. According to the smartphone addiction proneness scale scores, 563 30. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth.
Ijerph free fulltext effects of internet and smartphone. The increase of smartphone user among indonesian junior high school students, particularly for teenagers, indicates the addiction factor of the smartphone. Estimating smartphone addiction proneness scale through the. The relationship between smartphone addiction predisposition. Nov 29, 2019 prevalence was assessed using 24 different questionnaires, with the most common being the smartphone addiction scale, short version sassv. Nsights from ong erm elemetric ehavioral easures exploring. This study developed a smartphone addiction proneness scale saps based on the existing internet and cellular phone addiction scales. Objective this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction scale and the proof of its validity in adolescents. Smartphone overdependence management system for the selfcontrol of smart devices. Materials and methods two studies focused on two different measures of smartphone addiction.
Thus, this is the scale that we use in this paper to quantify the level of boredom proneness. Other researchers have stated that terminology relating to behavioral addictions in regards to smartphone use can cause additional problems both in. To measure this addiction level, smartphone addiction proneness scale saps has been proposed. Founded in current research on the adverse consequences of overusing technology, mobile phone overuse has been proposed as a subset of forms of digital addiction, or digital dependence, reflecting increasing trends of compulsive behavior amongst users of. Pdf transitions in smartphone addiction proneness among. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for. To measure the prevalence of smartphone addiction in middle school students, we used a validated smartphone addiction proneness scale korean information society agency, 2011. Another aim was to identify the most frequently used smartphone applications and their perceived importance by the participants. The scale was translated by independent researchers using the parallel translation method and one oftheauthorswasusedasadjunctor,thepersonwhodecides. Smartphone addiction proneness in relation to sleep and. In addition, it suggested cutting off the values by gender in order to determine smartphone addiction and elaborate the characteristics of smartphone usage in adolescents.
Estimating smartphone addiction proneness scale through the state of use of terminal and. Based on previously published internet addiction scales and celluar phone addiction scale, saps was developed. The pediatric daytime sleepiness scale was used to assess daytime sleepiness, and the korean smartphone addiction proneness scale index was used to evaluate the degree of risk for smartphone addiction. Impact of mobile phone addiction on adolescents life. Influence of smartphone addiction proneness of young. The sams system consists of an android smartphone application and a web application server. The question remains as to how excessive patterns of smartphone use could. As mentioned, to identify the average differences between groups regarding the smartphone addiction proneness of young children, we used independent variables according to the statistic traits of the parents and the childrens smartphone usage.
This tool is a 4point scale that contains 15 items. Pdf this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction. To cope with these limitations, a comprehensive ict information and communications technology system called sams smartphone addiction management system is developed for objective assessment and intervention. Risk factors for smartphone addiction in korean adolescents. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale. This study aimed to examine smartphone use patterns, smartphone addiction characteristics, and the predictive factors of the smartphone addiction in middle school students in south korea. Development of japanese version of smartphone dependence scale. Frontiers psychometric properties and factor structures. The effect of gender and use patterns article pdf available in plos one 145. Moreover, the psychometric properties of some of the scales administered in the study are problematic.
Dec 31, 20 objective this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction scale and the proof of its validity in adolescents. Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale sas. The effects of heavy smartphone use on the cervical angle. Smartphone addiction management system and verification.
Indonesian version of addiction rating scale of smartphone. Coping strategies in individuals at risk and not at risk. In this study, 4854 participants completed a crosssectional webbased survey including sociodemographic items, the korean scale for internet addiction, the smartphone addiction proneness scale, and the subscales of the symptom checklist 90 itemsrevised. Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale to measure the severity of participants smartphone addiction, we performed the korean smartphone addiction proneness scale and clinical interviews performed facetoface by a welltrained psychiatrist 11. Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale. This scale included 26 items that were originally categorized into four dimensions. Then, after revising the scale via factor analysis, the final sas was completed. The aim of this study was to develop a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction proneness scale esaps18 based on the smartphone addiction scale by kwon, lee, et al. Sap was assessed with the smartphone addiction proneness scale saps, and impulsivity was assessed with dickmans impulsivity inventory dii.
Background mobile phones are an important part of adolescents life. The conceptual model on smart phone addiction among early. Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale sas development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale sas. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth. Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical. This selfrating questionnaire contains 15 items across three subscales, namely. Since the 1990s, increasingly widespread usage of the internet and smartphones has led people to spend less time interacting with others in the nonvirtual world. Developing a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction. This study collected data through the structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the number and hours of smartphone usage, and the smartphone addiction proneness scale saps from 110 chinese international students in korea. In order to evaluate the internal consistency and reliability, concurrent and construct validity, and dimensionality of the esaps18, both experts opinions.
Frontiers psychometric properties and factor structures of. Pdf development of korean smartphone addiction proneness. Prevalence was assessed using 24 different questionnaires, with the most common being the smartphone addiction scale, short version sassv. Smartphone addiction scale short version sassv is adapted to spanish and french. Short version of the smartphone addiction scale adapted to. The iaps is a 20item scale that has been used to check the level of internet addiction among youth in south korea since 2007. As it has been hypothesized that smartphone dependence has many aspects that are similar to those of internet addiction, we referred to the internet addiction criteria 6 when developing smartphone dependence scale. This research is designed to adapt the smartphone addiction scaleshort version sasssv to indonesian version based on cultural adaptation of the rating scale. In this study, 4854 participants completed a crosssectional webbased survey including sociodemographic items, the korean scale for internet addiction. Smartphone addiction proneness scale saps the 15item scale from kim et al.
Both adaptations are characterized with very good reliability factor and construct validity. A higher score indicates a higher degree of addiction. Transitions in smartphone addiction proneness among children. The psychometric properties of the smartphone application.
Smartphone addiction risk and daytime sleepiness in korean. Based on kscale and the smartphones characteristics, the first smartphone addiction scale sas was developed. Method a set of questionnaires were provided to a total of 540. Jul 18, 2017 the goal of the study was to validate the english version of the smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in. Development and validation of a short version for adolescents article pdf available in plos one 812. Researchers also differ in the extent to which mobile phone addiction is actually problematic. Prevalence and predictors of smartphone addiction proneness.
869 1202 207 1135 1250 26 435 196 1003 589 403 1113 657 1374 1143 1593 1454 823 375 67 1042 912 970 774 568 396 1355 1417 138